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5-methylcytosine



Description
   A pyrimidine that is a derivative of cytosine, having a methyl group at the 5-position.
Basic Information
Comman Name 5-methylcytosine
Symbol 5mC
Chemical Formula C5H7N3O
Nucleoside Mass 125.13
Locations and Contents
ModificationOrganisms or CellsContentsReferences
5mCHuman tissues (Placenta, sperm, heart, liver, lungs, spleen, lymphocytes, brain, thymus)0.76-1.00% [5mC/DNA]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7079182/
5mCHomo sapiens1.22% [5mC/DNA]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6232132/
5mCDrosophila melanogaster0.008% [5mC/DNA]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6232132/
5mCDrosophila melanogaster embryos0.1-0.4% [5mC/dC]https://www.nature.com/articles/35046205
5mCHuman placenta2.994% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15180700/
5mCHuman brain3.84% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15180700/
5mCHuman liver3.702% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15180700/
5mCClupea pallasii, sperm10.82% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18249178/
5mCHeLa cells3.8% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4033636/
5mCHeLa cells3.0% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19501556/
5mCHeLa cells2.8% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658232/
5mC293T cells2.6% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21778364/
5mCMouse organs (heart, liver, lung, spleen, brain cortex, thymus, pancreas, E14, E14 Tet1 knockdown)2.4-3.1% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21778364/
5mCHuman blood3.75% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac2020799
5mCEarthworms3.36% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac2020799
5mCSalmon testes6.98% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac2020799
5mCHuman normal-adjacent colorectal tissue5.2% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21303652/
5mCHuman tumor-adjacent colorectal tissue3.6% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21303652/
5mCA549 cells4.28% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21536504/
5mCHepG2 cells3.81% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21536504/
5mCHK2 cells5.39% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21536504/
5mCHuman sperm4.22% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21536504/
5mCHEK293T-Tet12.7% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658232/
5mCHEK293T-Tet1m3.6% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658232/
5mCHuman brain5.3% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658232/
5mCWM-266-42.8% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658232/
5mCMouse brain4.6% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658232/
5mCMouse skin (red head)3.4% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658232/
5mCMouse skin (albino)3.4% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23658232/
5mCHuman tumor-adjacent lung tissue3.6% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23978937/
5mCRat liver3.55% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19501556/
5mCRat liver3.5% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23978937/
5mCCalf thymus6.26% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19501556/
5mCCalf thymus5.8% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23978937/
5mCMus musculu7.6% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24640988/
5mCDrosophila melanogaster adult0.034% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24640988/
5mCCaenorhabditis elegans0.0019-0.0033% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25299492/
5mCHuman CRC tumor tissues3.5% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25675106/
5mCHuman CRC tumor-adjacent normal tissues4.1% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25675106/
5mCMouse ES cells3.0% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28448110/
5mCNHDF-Neo cells0.85% [5mC/dN]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29190698/
5mCK562 cells0.28% [5mC/dN]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29190698/
5mCMe45 cells0.72% [5mC/dN]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29190698/
5mCHCT 116, BL cells0.86% [5mC/dN]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29190698/
5mCRaji cells0.80% [5mC/dN]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29190698/
5mCPeripheral blood leukocytes4.11% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29410709/
5mCCAD patients3.75% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29410709/
5mCPisum sativum23.2% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7272310/
5mCSinapsis alba12.2% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7272310/
5mCViscum album23.2% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7272310/
5mCVicia faba30.5% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7272310/
5mCNicotiana tabacum32.6% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7272310/
5mCTriticum aestivum22.4% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7272310/
5mCTriticum (wheat germ)20.1% [5mC/dC]https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00383491
5mCLycopersicum esculentum23% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1859863/
5mCNicotiana tabacum32.4% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02345980
5mCNicotiana tabacum33.5-35.0% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11607346/
5mCBrassica napus14.7% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10080692/
5mCZea mays35% [5mC/DNA]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24272262/
5mCZea mays16.33-16.89% [5mC/dC]http://europepmc.org/article/AGR/IND43914067
5mCZea mays13.4-15.0% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18222408/
5mCArabidopsis thaliana Col0, leaves6.47% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18249178/
5mCNicotiana tabacum34.15% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18249178/
5mCMedicago sativa19.16% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18249178/
5mCLepidium sativum14.6% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac2020799
5mCLinum usitatissimum15-19% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22142560/
5mCOryza sativa14% [5mC/dC]https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00391751
5mCOryza sativa11-14% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02345980
5mCOryza sativa16.0% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11247604/
5mCArabidopsis thaliana4.6% [5mC/dC]https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00383491
5mCArabidopsis thaliana6.5% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16776291/
5mCArabidopsis thaliana9.63% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24391970/
5mCArabidopsis thaliana14.0% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24640988/
5mCSaccharomyces cerevisiae0.3-1.0% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/99431/
5mCApodachlya sp., Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Aspergillusnidulans nidulnns≤0.10% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6330093/
5mCPhycomyces blakesleeanus0.50% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6330093/
5mCSporotrichum dimorphosphorum0.20% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6330093/
5mCCandida albicans Sh8, 9938, B3110.045-0.11% [5mC/DNA]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3305486/
5mCYeast0.014-0.364% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22852529/
5mCChlamydomonas reinhardtii0.70% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/99431/
5mCTetrahymena pyriformis<0.02% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/99431/
5mCAnabaena sp. strain PCC 71204.28% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2832390/
5mCPlectonema sp. strain 5942.9% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2832390/
5mCSynechoccus cedrorum R21.3% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2832390/
5mCSalmonella typhosa0.91-1.02% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5656625/
5mCAlcaligenes faecalis1.89% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5656625/
5mCBacillus brevis R, S and P0.26%, 1.94% and 0.61% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5656625/
5mCAgrobacterium tumefaciens0.52% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5656625/
5mCPropionibacterium shermanii1.53% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5656625/
5mCMycobacterium luteum0.30% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5656625/
5mCEscherichia coli C, CK0.92-0.95% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5656625/
5mCEscherichia coli C, CK1.00% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22150247/
5mCEscherichia coli B<0.01% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22150247/
5mCEscherichia coli (EC6001, 6002, 6006, 6026; ECOR11, 27, 47, 52; Popeye-1)0.86-1.30% [5mC/dG]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22150247/
5mCEscherichia coli DH5α2.3% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24640988/
5mCEscherichia coli GM2929 (dcm-6)0.016% [5mC/dC]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24640988/
5mCPhage ?X1740.02% [5mC/DNA]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6232132/
5mCLambda phage< 0.30% [5mC/(5mC+dC)]https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18249178/
Modification Enzymes and Reactions
Modification Enzymes:DNMTs
Reference:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31091831/











The Nucleic Acid Modification Database (NAMDB)

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